How Much Did Early Christians Refer to the New Testament Grid – February 2012 version

   People have made lots of money selling books claiming early Christianity believed in a different Bible from today. A number of people have made outrageous claims, apparently assuming that nobody really knows what early Christians believed anyway. How could you tell what books early Christians recognized as scripture, without actually asking them? You could know by observing what scriptural books they referred to when they wrote their religious letters, commentaries, and treatises. This will undercount, because they might consider some books scripture that they never happened to mention. (For example, if somebody tape-recorded most of your religious conversations, how often have you mentioned the book of Philemon?) Nevertheless, this method shows at a minimum some of what they accepted as scripture. Note that books with few pages (in English) generally refer to only a few New

Testament books, as one would expect. Early Christians referred to by name and quoted from every books of the New Testament, and they never referred to any other books as possibly being in the New Testament canon, with only a few exceptions, one of which, Tatian’s Diatessaron, was a harmony of the four gospels together in Syriac used until the 5th century. There were many other books out there, of Greek philosophy, paganism, and Gnostic works, but these were considered “poisons” or at the least “foreign food” to avoid.

 Legend of the row colors

red =persecution of Christians

green =heresy

orange =schism (church split)

blue =Bible manuscript

 

W = Books and quotes mentioned by name or by writer       4G = Mention of 4 gospels             I = Implied. ex: “14 letters of Paul”   J = Quoted as words of God/Jesus/Savior/Lord  m = debated    X = rejected

S = Referred to as scripture, gospel, or by apostle(s)           E =not scripture but good to read   Q = Quote of 1 or more verses       ½  = quote of ½ verse                                         A = Allusion       - = no reference

Writer

Pages

Date A.D.

NT

Gospels

Mt

Mk

Lk

Jn

Ac

Rm

1C

2C

Ga

Ep

Pp

Cl

1Th

2Th

1T

2T

Tt

Pm

He

Jm

1P

2P

1J

2J

3J

Jde

Re

Positive reference to other book after Christ that could be scripture

Writer

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

 

50 and 95/96

Est. 500K Christians. Christians were labeled atheists and killed for refusing to worship the emperor and pagan idols.

 

Nero and Domitian persecute Christians

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

16 ¼

96-98

-

-

J

J

½

-

¼

Q

W

-

-

-

-

A

A

-

A

-

½

-

Q

Q

Q

A

-

-

-

-

Q

-

Clement of Rome (wrote 1 Clement)

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

13

c.100-117

-

-

Q

-

-

A

-

-

¼

A

-

W

-

-

Q

-

¼

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

Ignatius disciple of John (shortest version)

Trajan persecutes Christians

 

107

Answered Pliny the Younger’s letter. Christians are not to be sought after, but only killed if found.

 

Trajan persecutes Christians

Didache (=Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

4 ¾

before 125

-

-

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

¼

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

Didache (Teaching of the Twelve Apostles)

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

4

125 or138-161

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Apology of Aristides (Greek version)

Quadratus of Athens fragment (apologist)

1/8

126

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Quadratus of Athens fragment

Letter to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

5 ¼

130-150

-

W

A

-

-

A

-

-

-

¾

A

-

A

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Letter to Diognetus (=Mathetes to Diognetus)

Hadrian persecutes Christians

 

118 & 134

Hadrian loved Greek culture, & he persecuted both Jews & Christians. The Jewish Bar Cochba revolt happened under him.

 

Hadrian persecutes Christians

p52 (=John Rylands) John 18:31-33; 18:37-38

117-138

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p46 70% of Paul+Heb in 1 manuscript

Letter of Barnabas

12 ½

100-150

-

-

Q

½

Q

A

A

-

-

A

-

-

-

A

-

-

A

-

-

-

Q

A

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

Letter of Barnabas

p46 (=Chester Beatty II) 1,680 verses 70% Paul+Heb

100-150

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p46 70% of Paul+Heb in 1 manuscript

2 Clement (anonymous writer)

5 ¾

c.150

-

-

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

A

Q

A

-

-

-

-

-

1 Clement, Gospel of the Egyptians

2 Clement (anonymous writer)

Polycarp disciple of John, to the Philippians

3 ½

100-155

-

-

Q

½

Q

-

Q

Q

Q

A

¼

Q

W

-

Q

½

Q

Q

-

-

-

-

Q

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

Polycarp to the Philippians

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

2

130-150

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

A

-

-

-

?

-

Papias of Hierapolis, disciple of John

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

½

-150

-

-

-

-

-

J

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

“Presbyters” (Papias?)

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians

 

135

Christians persecuted in Israel because Christians would not join Bar Cochba’s revolt.

 

Bar Cochba persecutes Christians in Israel

Apostolic fathers totals: all symbols except P’s

62

-150

0

1

8

4

5

4

3

3

5

4

3

2

2

2

3

1

6

1

2

0

2

3

6

3

3

0

0

0

2

1

Apostolic fathers totals: all symbols except P’s

Justin Martyr, philosopher and apologist

137

c.138-165

W

W

J

J

J

J

A

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

Justin Martyr, philosopher & apologist

Shepherd of Hermas

46 ½

c.160

-

-

¼

-

Q

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

½

½

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Shepherd of Hermas

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

5

c.169

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Evarestus’ Martyrdom of Polycarp

Gnostic heresies become widespread

 

c.170-

Gnostics all believed the Creator was evil/foolish. Rejecting the Old Testament, they mixed Greek paganism and Christianity.

Many

Gnostic heresies become widespread

Tatian, pupil of Justin, Encratite Gnostic later

18+86

died 172

-

-

Q

Q

Q

Q

-

A

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

¼

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tatian, pupil of Justin, Encratite Gnostic later

Tatian’s Diatessaron (The Four)

170

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Tatian’s Diatessaron (The Four)

Dionysius of Corinth (wrote against Marcion)

1/3

170

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Dionysius of Corinth

p66 (=Bodmer II) 92% of John 808.5 verses

c.125-175

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p66(=Bodmer II) p14/15, 92% of John

p4+p64+p67 Lk 1:58-59,etc. Mt 26:7-8,etc. 95 verses

c.150-175

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p3+p64+p67 Lk; Mt. 95 verses

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

 

162/166-180

Aurelius was a Stoic philosopher. Persecution, mainly in Gaul, ended with his death.

 

Persecution of Marcus Aurelius

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

6 ½

177

-

-

-

-

Q

J

¼

¾

-

A

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Q

-

Christians of Vienna and Lugdunum (Lyons)

Athenagoras (apologist)

33 ½

177

-

-

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Athenagoras

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis (Quartod.)

½

177, 160-180

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Claudius Apollinaris of Hierapolis (Quartod.)

Hegesippus (chronicler)

2 ½

170-180

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Hegesippus (chronicler)

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

11

170-180

I

-

A

S

S

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

¼

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Melito/Meleto of Sardis (Quartodecimian)

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

½

180

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Rhodon (against Marcion and Apelles)

Theophilus of Antioch (to Autolycus)

32

168-181/188

-

W

Q

-

Q

W

Q

Q

Q

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

Shepherd of Hermas

Theophilus of Antioch (to Autolycus)

Ebionites & Clementina (Law, Father, Son)

265½+

- 181 -

-

-

Q

Q

Q

J

-

-

A

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Quote probably from an apocryphal gospel

Ebionites & Clementina (OT Law, Father, Son)

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

262

182-188

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

Q

W

1/3 

I

W

-

A

W

Hermas. 1 Clement, X Gospel of Truth  X others

Irenaeus of Lyons, disciple of Polycarp

Passion of the Scillitan Martyr (died 180 A.D.)

¾

180-202

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

P

a

u

l

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Passion of the Scillitan Martyrs

Maximus of Jerusalem (origin of evil)

5

185-196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Maximus of Jerusalem (origin of evil)

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

½

196

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Polycrates of Ephesus (Quartodecimian)

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

3

190-217

I

4G

I

I

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

W

Some accept Apocalypse of Peter

Caius and the Muratorian Canon

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas,Noetus,Callistus)

 

200-257-

Sabellians believed the Father, Son, & Spirit were one person. They were called Patripassians for “passion of the Father”.

 

Sabellian heresy (Praxeas, Noetus, Callistus)

Persecution of Septimus Severus

 

202

Est 2M Christians. Although a Christian helped him in an illness, he did not repeal existing laws against Christians.

 

Persecution of Septimus Severus

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

7

c.201/205

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Passion of Perpetua and Felicitas

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

 

209

Alban, Julius, and Aaron were formerly thought killed in 304/5 A.D.

 

Romans kill first known martyrs in Britain

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

1/3

200-210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X Gospel of Peter

Serapion of Antioch (against Marcion)

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

25

210

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Minucius Felix (The Octavius)

Apollonius of Ephesus (against Montanists)

1

c.210

-

-

J

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Apollonius of Ephesus (Against Montanists)

Clement of Alexandria

424

193-217/220

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

S

W

W

W

S

W

W

W

-

W

Q

W

¼  

W

W

-

W

W

Preaching of Peter, Shepherd of Hermas, Gospel of the Egyptians, Gospel of the Hebrews, Tradition of Matthias, Greek philosophers

Clement of Alexandria

p75 Lk 3:18-22; etc. Jn 1:1-11:45,etc. 1,166 verses

175-225

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p75 Lk 3:18-22; 3:33-4:2, etc. Jn 1:1-11:45,etc.

p45 Gospels+Acts in 1 ms. 833 verses

200-225

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

p45 Gospels+Acts in 1 manuscript

p30 1Th 4:12-13,16-17 etc. 2Th 1:1-2 etc. 25 verses

ca.225

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Tertullian (joined the Montanist Church)

736

198-220

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

I

Q

A

W

-

W

A

-

W

W

Allude to Test. of 12 Patriarchs

Tertullian (joined Montanist church)

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

194

207/8

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

patched together Gal 3:15 & 4:3. Allude to Test. of 12 Patriarchs

Tertullian’s 5 Books Against Marcion

Theodotus the probable Montanist

7 ¾

ca.240

-

-

J

-

J

-

-

A

A

-

A

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Peter’s Preaching

Theodotus the probable Montanist

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical)

11 ½

-224/232

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Bardaisan/Bardesan of Syria (heretical)

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

2 ¾

c.232

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Asterius Urbanus (against Montanists)

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed)

218

222-235/6

W

W

J

W

J

W

Q

W

S

W

W

S

W

W

W

W

W

Q

½

-

A

-

Q

¼

-

-

-

-

W

X Gospel of the Egyptians,

X Gospel of Thomas, X others

Hippolytus, pupil of Irenaeus (undisputed works)

Maximin Thrax persecutes Christians

 

235-238

First empire-wide persecution, but only of clergy. Persecution stopped when his soldiers assassinated him.

 

Maximin Thrax persecutes Christians

Instructions of Commodianus

16

c.240

I

-

-

A

-

-

P

a

u

l

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

Instructions of Commodianus

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

9

232-245

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Julius Africanus (undisputed writings)

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

¾

233-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Cappadocia (Clem. A’.s pupil)

Origen (heterodox teacher)

622

225-254

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Q

W

X

W

m

m

W

W

Hermas (disputed), Acts of Paul inferior to John’s gospel, Test. Of 12 Patriarchs. Gospel Thomas (read elsewhere)

Origen (heterodox teacher)

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

 

250-251 - 253

First Christian schism. Were Christians who sacrificed but repented eventually allowed back, or doomed forever (Novatian)?

 

Severe persecution by Decius and Gallus

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

38 ½

250/254-257

W

W

J

-

W

W

¾

W

W

W

W

W

S

S

-

-

W

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

Novatian (his schism lasted over 200 years)

Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian

6 ½

254-256

-

-

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Q

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Anonymous Treatise Against Novatian

Anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism

11

c.250-258

W

W

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W

W

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-

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X book Preaching of Paul

Anonymous Treatise on Rebaptism

Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

250 ¾ 

c.246-258

W

W

W

W

W

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W

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W

W

W

W

W

W

W

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W

W

-

A

-

W

W

W

W

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Cyprian of Carthage (against Novatian)

Roman church leaders (letters 2,29,30)

1+4 ¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

J

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Roman church leaders (letters 2,29,30)

Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

¾

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

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Caldonius to Cyprian (letter 18)

Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

1 ¼

250-251

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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Celerinus to Lucian (letter 20)

Lucian to Celerinus (letter 21)

¾

250-251

-

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-

-

-

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Lucian to Celerinus (letter 21)

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

2 ½

250-251

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½

-

Moyses, et al. to Cyprian (letter 25)

Cornelius to Cyprian (letters 45,47)

1 ¼

c.246-256

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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Cornelius to Cyprian (letters 45,47)

Maximus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 49)

¼

c.246-256

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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Maximus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 49)

Firmilian of Caesarea to Cyprian (letter 74)

7 ¼

256

-

-

J

½

J

J

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S

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-

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-

W

-

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Firmilian of Caesarea to Cyprian (letter 74)

Nemesianus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 77)

¾

254-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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Nemesianus, et al. to Cyprian (letter 77)

Lucius and the brethren to Cyprian (78)

½

250-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

Lucius and the brethren to Cyprian (78)

Felix & the rest of the martyrs to Cyprian (79)

¼

250-257

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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Felix & the rest of the martyrs to Cyprian (79)

Seventh Council of Carthage (85 bishops)

7 ¼

258

-

-

Q

-

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A

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Seventh Council of Carthage (85 bishops)

Pontius’ The Life and Passion of Cyprian

7 ½

After 258

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

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-

-

-

Pontius’ The Life and Passion of Cyprian

Valerian persecutes Christians

 

257-260

2nd most severe persecution. Tolerant at first until Macrianus influenced him. Stopped when Persian Shapur I captured him.

 

Valerian persecutes Christians

Theognostus of Alexandria (Origenist)

½

260

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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-

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-

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Theognostus of Alexandria (Origenist)

Gregory Thaumaturgus (undisputed works)

28 ½

240-265

-

-

J

-

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½

-

Gregory Thaumaturgus (undisputed works)

Dionysius of Alexandria (Origenist)

39 ½

246-265

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

S

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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Q

-

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W

W

W

-

*

-

Dionysius of Alexandria (Origenist)

Dionysius of Rome (Against the Sabellians)

1

259-269

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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-

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-

-

-

-

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Dionysius of Rome (Against the Sabellians)

Malchion (Against Paul of Samosata)

2 ½

270

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Malchion (Against Paul of Samosata)

Aurelian Persecution

 

270

At first tolerant, Aurelian died soon after he decided to persecute Christians.

 

Aurelian Persecution

Pierius of Alexandria (fragment)

½

275

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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-

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pierius of Alexandria (fragment)

Archelaus Disputation with Manes

58 ¾

262-278

W

W

W

J

J

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S

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

Q

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Archelaus Disputation with Manes

Anatolius of Alexandria (mathematician)

7 ½

270-280

I

-

J

-

J

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Anatolius of Alexandria (mathematician)

P47 (=Chester Beatty III) 31% of Rev.Rev9:10-11:3, etc.

c.250-300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

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-

-

-

-

W

-

p47 (= Chester Beatty III) 31% of Rev.

Theonas of Alexandria (Letter to Lucianus)

3

282-300

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theonas of Alexandria (bishop for 18 years)

P72 all of 1 Peter, 2 Peter, Jude 191 verses

Ca.300

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

-

-

W

-

Nativity of Mary, 3 Corinthians, eleventh Ode of Solomon, Melito’s Pasha, a fragment of a hymn, Apology of Phileas, Ps 33,34.

p72 1 Pet 1:1-5:14; 2 Pet; Jude 1-25 191 verses

P38+0162+0171+0220+0232 13+12+30+6+9 verses

Ca.300

-

-

W

-

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Adamantius Dialog on the True Faith in God

c.63

c.300

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

S

W

-

-

S

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

Adamantius Dialog on the True Faith in God

Marcionite Megethius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

X

X

X

X

X

-

Accepted Paul’s letters

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marcionite Megethius disputing Adamantius

Marcionite Marcus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

 

 

 

 

X

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marcionite Marcus disputing Adamantius

Bardasene Marinus disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

I

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bardasene Marinus disputing Adamantius

Valentinian Doserius disputing Adamantius

c.2

c.300

-

-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Valentinian Doserius disputing Adamantius

Alexander of Lycopolis Of the Manichaeans

12

301

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Lycopolis (ex-Manichaean)

Arnobius Against the Heathen (undisputed)

126 ½

297-303

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arnobius Against the Heathen (undisputed)

Victorinus of Petau, Austria -OT commentator

18 ½

martyred 304

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

Victorinus of Petau, Austria (OT commentator)

King Tiridates III of Armenia

 

>287-300

At first persecuted Christians, then became one through Gregory the Illuminator

 

 

Most severe persecution by Diocletian

 

284, 303-305

Est. 5M Christians. Most severe Roman persecution. Destroyed churches & scriptures. Killed Christians for not sacrificing.

 

Most severe persecution was by Diocletian

Council of Elvira (21 undisputed canons)

c.1

306/307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Elvira (21 undisputed canons)

Phileas of Thmuis/Tmai, Egyptian Delta

2 ½

beheaded 307

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

Phileas of Thmuis/Tmai, Egyptian Delta

Pamphilus disciple of Pierius (Origenist)

2 ¾

martyred 309

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Pamphilus disciple of Pierius (Origenist)

Peter of Alexandria (undisputed)

8 ½

306,285-311

-

-

J

-

-

W

½

½

-

A

-

Q

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

Peter of Alexandria (against Origen & Meletius)

Methodius (corrected Origen’s followers)

86 ½

260-312

I

W

J

½

Q

Q

-

S

W

S

W

W

½

W

W

-

Q

-

-

-

A

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

Methodius (corrected Origen’s followers)

Council of Ancyra (about 12 bishops)

3 1/3

314

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Ancyra (about 12 bishops)

Council of Neocaesarea (Basil and others)

1 1/3

c.315

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Neocaesarea (Basil and others)

Theophilus’ Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon

5 ½

events c.315

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Theophilus’ Martyrdom of Habib the Deacon

Athanasius Against the Heathen & Incarnation

56

318

-

W

J

J

J

J

Q

W

W

W

-

W

W

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

J

-

J

-

-

-

-

-

-

Shepherd of Hermas

Athanasius Against the Heathen & Incarnation

Licinius persecutes Christians in the east

 

315-323

Licinius fought and was defeated by Constantine a few times from 314 to 324 A.D.

 

Licinius persecutes Christians in the east

Alexander of Alexandria -Origenist,undisputed

12

313-326

W

W

J

-

J

W

-

W

W

Q

W

-

-

W

-

-

W

½

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

-

-

Alexander of Alexandria -Origenist,undisputed

Lactantius, tutor of Constantine’s son

305 ½

c.303-c.325

W

-

A

A

Q

W

A

A

-

-

-

½

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

A

½

-

-

-

W

-

Lactantius, tutor of Constantine’s son

Christian writer totals: all symbols except P’s

4178½

before 325

21

22

46

25

31

30

26

27

28

20

18

24

19

17

14

9

23

10

12

3

17

10

17

9-1

19

8

1

6

19

+ = 6; disputed = 3; X = 6

Christian writer totals: all symbols except P’s

Arian heresy spreads, starting in Alexandria

 

c.318-523

Arians believed that Jesus was God, but not the same substance as the Father, and there was a time when Jesus was not.

 

Arial heresy spreads, starting in Alexandria

Constantine legalizes Christianity

 

324

Non-violently closed pagan temples so that his subjects would attend churches instead

 

Constantine legalizes Christianity

Council of Nicea condemns Arianism

3

325

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Nicea condemns Arianism

Juvencus (wrote a commentary:The Gospels)

 

329

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Juvencus (wrote a commentary: The Gospels)

In Persia, Shapur II  persecutes Christians

 

315-323

Persecution started once Christianity became the official Roman religion. Smaller Christian countries allied with Rome.

 

In Persia, Shapur II  persecutes Christians

Eusebius of Caesarea (leader at Nicea)

c.404

318-339/340

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

½

W

W

X

W

½

½

½

X

X Shepherd of Hermas

Eusebius of Caesarea (present at Nicea)

Synod of Antioch in Encaeniis (97 bishops)

3 ½

341

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Antioch in Encaeniis

Mild Arian Creed of Antioch

1

c.341-344

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Mild Arian Creed of Antioch

Council of Sardica (Greek) (church discipline)

5

343/344

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Sardica (Greek) (church discipline)

Aphrahat the Syrian, Select Demonstrations

67 ¼

337-345

-

-

J

J

J

J

A

S

W

S

S

S

A

A

S

-

-

S

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 Corinthians

Aphrahat the Syrian, Select Demonstrations

The Macrostich Creed

2

344/345

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

The Macrostich Creed

A Poem on the Passion of the Lord

1

c.350

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Poem on the Passion of the Lord

Vaticanus manuscript (B)

 

325-350

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

Vaticanus manuscript (B)

Sinaiticus manuscript (Aleph)

 

340-350

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Letter of Barnabas, Hermas

Sinaiticus manuscript (Aleph)

First Council of Sirmium (Greek creed)

1 ½

351

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Sirmium (Greek creed)

Synod of Seleucia in Isauria

1/5

357/358

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Synod of Seleucia in Isauria

Arian Roman Emperor Constantius

 

337-353-361

Orthodox bishops were banished, and Athanasius had to go into hiding.

 

Arian Roman Emperor Constantius

Arian Creed of Nica in Thrace

½

356-361

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arian Creed of Nica (in Theodoret’s History)

Arian Candidus’ Two Letters to Marius

c.4

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Arian Candidus’ Two Letters to Marius

Marius’s Reply to Candidus (partial)

c.8

359-362

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Marius’s Reply to Candidus (partial)

Victorinus of Rome

 

after 363

 

 

 

 

-

Q

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Victorinus of Rome

Hilary of Poitiers (taught Martin of Tours)

230

355-367/368

-

W

W

W

W

W

J

W

W

W

S

S

W

S

S

-

S

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

W

-

Hilary of Poitiers (taught Martin of Tours)

Christians killed in Alexandria and Gaza

 

361-363

Emperor Julian the Apostate reigns for 18 months and shows some toleration, yet permits pagans to persecute Christians.

 

Christians killed in Alexandria and Gaza

Athanasius of Alexandria (leader at Nicea)

455 ½

367 (325-373)

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Hermas, Didache, X no others

Athanasius of Alexandria (leader at Nicea)

Synopsis Scripturae Sacrae

 

350-370/or 5th

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Q

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synopsis Scripturae Sacrae

Cheltenham Canon (=Mommsen Catalogue)

 

ca.360-370

I

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

W

?

W

?

?

-

W

 

Cheltenham Canon (-Mommsen Catalogue)

Ephraim/Ephrem, Syrian hymn-writer (partial)

162

350-378

I

W

W

W

W

W

Q

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

Diatessaron, 3 Corinthians

Ephraim, Syrian hymn-writer, commentator

Basil of Cappadocia (Origenist) (partial)

326

357-378/379

W

W

J

J

J

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Q

-

Q

 

 

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

Basil of Cappadocia (unafraid of Arian Emperor)

Cyril of Jerusalem (cross over Jerusalem)

154

c.349-386

W

W

W

I

S

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

I

W

I

W

W

W

W

I

W

W

W

I

W

I

I

I

X

X Gospel of Thomas

Cyril of Jerusalem (fed poor from church funds)

Arian Roman Valens kills C’s in east

 

370

Valens is finally killed in battle by the Goths, who had converted to Arianism, but never gained his favor

 

Arian Roman Valens kills Christians in east

Athanaric persecutes Orthodox Visigoths

 

369-376

Athanaric first persecuted all Orthodox & Arians, but after converting to Arianism persecuted only Orthodox Christians.

 

Athanaric persecutes Orthodox Visigoths

Synod of Laodicea (in Phrygia)

4 ½

343-381, 363

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

Synod of Laodicea (in Phrygia)

Council of Gangra (vs. Eustastius of Sabaste)

1 1/3

345-381

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Gangra (vs. Eustastius of Sabaste)

First Council of Constantinople -150 bishops

3 ¾

381-382

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

First Council of Constantinople -150 bishops

Damasus I of Rome (against Nica Creed)

2

c.386-389/384

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Damasus I of Rome (in Theodoret’s History)

Priscillian Heresy

 

c.385

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U

 

U

 

 

 

U

 

Priscillian Heresy

Macedonian and Priscillian Heresies

 

c.383, 385

Macedonians denied person of the Holy Spirit. Priscillian denied divinity of Christ and was executed in 385 A.D..

 

Macedonian and Priscillian Heresies

Eunomius of Cyzicus (extreme Arian)

c.8

c.360-383/394

-

-

-

A

-

W

Q

S

W

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Eunomius of Cyzicus (extreme Arian)

Ambrose of Milan (Against Arianism)

446 ¼

370-390

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Q

-

W

-

W

A

W

-

-

-

W

-

Ambrose of Milan (Against Arianism)

The Donatist Tyconius, Augustine’s opponent

 

After 390 A.D.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Donatist Tyconius, Augustine’s opponent

Gregory of Nazianzen (leader at Constantinople)

275

330-391

W

W

S

½

A

¼

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

A

Q

-

½

W

½

-

Q

A

½

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

Gregory of Nazianzen (leader at Constant.)

Pacian of Barcelona

c.23

342-379/392

W

W

W

-

-

J

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

Pacian of Barcelona

Amphilochius Iambi ad Seleucum

 

-394

 

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

?

W

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

 

Amphilochius Iambi ad Seleucum

Council of Constantinople, under Nectarius

1

394

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Constantinople, under Nectarius

Gregory of Nyssa (Origenist)

495

c.356-397

I

W

W

J

J

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

S

W

S

W

-

W

-

½

-

W

I

I

-

A

-

Gregory of Nyssa (Origenist)

Didymus the Blind (Origenist)

 

398

W

-

W

-

-

S

A

W

W

¼

W

Q

S

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

-

X

-

-

Didymus the Blind (Origenist)

Luciferian schism (Lucifer of Cagliari,Sardinia)

 

361-c.399

Orthodox beliefs, except would never accept back repentant Arian/Semi-Arian clergy

 

Luciferian schism (Lucifer of Cagliari, Sardinia)

Firmicus Maternus Error of Pagan Religions

 

4th century

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

Q

 

 

 

 

 

 

Firmicus Maternus Error of Pagan Religions

Syriac Book of Steps (Liber Graduum)

c.189

350-400

W

-

J

J

J

W

W

W

W

W

S

W

W

½

Q

W

W

½

-

S

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

½

Didache, Gospel of Philip, Clement of Alexandria’s Stromata

Syriac Book of Steps (Liber Graduum)

Syrian Catalogue of St. Catherine’s

 

ca.400

 

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

 

Syrian Catalogue of St. Catherine’s

Old Syriac

 

c.400

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

Old Syriac

Epiphanius of Salamis (wrote on 80 heresies)

 

360-403

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

I

W

W

I

I

I

I

W

W

I

I

I

W

W

I

I

I

I

W

W

-

Epiphanius of Salamis (ex-Jew)

Pope Innocent I of Rome

 

ca.405

 

4G

 

 

 

 

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

?

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

 

Pope Innocent I of Rome

Rufinus, translator in trouble

469

374-406

-

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

S

S

W

A

-

-

W

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

A

-

Rufinus, translator in trouble

Rufinus’ Commentary on the Apostles Creed

21

374-406

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Hermas, Didache, Judgment of Peter

Rufinus’ Commentary on the Apostles Creed

Gaudentius of Brescia

 

After 406

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gaudentius of Brescia

John Chrysostom (partial)

~3000

-407

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Q

Q

-

Q

-

-

-

A

 

John Chrysostom (partial)

Chromatius

 

407

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chromatius

Asterius of Amasea

 

c.410

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Asterius of Amasea

Niceta of Remesianus

c.63

366-c.415

 

 

J

 

Q

J

 

 

 

W

W

S

S

-

S

 

 

S

 

 

 

 

Q

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Niceta of Remesianus

Orosius/Hosius of Braga (against Priscillian)

c.20

414-418

-

W

Q

J

Q

Q

-

W

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

W

-

Orosius/Hosius of Braga (against Priscillian)

Council of Carthage (218 bishops)

39

393-419

W

4G

I

I

I

I

W

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

I

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

X says nothing else

Council of Carthage (218 bishops)

Sulpicius/Sulpitius Severus (pupil of Martin)

116 ½

363-420

-

W

Q

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

Sulpicius/Sulpitius Severus (pupil of Martin)

Jerome (pupil of Gregory Nazianzen) (partial)

~500

373-420

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Q

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

Jerome (pupil of Gregory Nazianzen) (partial)

Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History

89

370/380-425

-

W

S

-

S

S

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

Sozomen’s Ecclesiastical History

Freer Gospels (Washingtonensis) (W)

 

300-450

-

-

W

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Freer Gospels (Washingtonensis) (W)

Pelagius (Pelagian heresy man born neutral)

?

c.390

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

½

 

 

 

U

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pelagius (Pelagian heresy man born neutral)

Theodore of Mopsuestia (Pelagian heretic)

c.94

392-423/429

W

W

J

J

J

J

W

W

W

W

A

-

-

-

-

-

Q

-

-

W

W

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

-

-

Theodore of Mopsuestia (Pelagian heretic)

Augustine of Hippo (pupil of Ambrose)

~4500

388-8/28/430

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

-

Augustine of Hippo (pupil of Ambrose)

John Cassian (Semi-Pelagian)

422 ½

419-430

W

4G

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

S

S

W

A

W

-

-

S

W

-

John Cassian (Semi-Pelagian)

Council of Ephesus vs. Nestorians (200 bish.)

20

Jun-Sep 431

-

-

J

-

-

W

Q

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

Q

-

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Ephesus vs. Nestorians (200 b)

Vincent of Lerins

26

c.434

W

W

J

-

-

A

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

Vincent of Lerins

Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History

178

c.400-439

W

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

W

A

W

S

-

W

S

-

W

Q

S

-

W

S

S

-

A

W

-

-

-

1 extra-Biblical phrase of Jesus

Socrates’ Ecclesiastical History

Persians fight Armenians and Georgians

 

449

Armenians and Georgians revolt after Yazdirg II tries to impose Zoroastrianism.

 

Persians fight Armenians and Georgians

Ephraemi Rescriptus [C] manuscript

 

375 or400-450

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

W

-

Ephraemi Rescriptus [C] manuscript

Nestorius’ Bazaar of Heracleides

c.128

451/452

-

½

½

-

-

Q

W

-

Q

-

Q

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

S

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

Nestorius’ Bazaar of Heracleides

Euthalius of Sulca -put most of NT in sections

?

ca.450

 

 

U

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

U

 

U

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Euthalius of Sulca -put most of NT in sections

Alexandrinus (Mt 25:7-Rev with gaps

 

c.450

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

1 Clement, 2 Clement

Alexandrinus manuscript (A)

Council of Chalcedon vs. Monophysites

18

451

W

-

W

-

Q

Q

W

W

S

-

Q

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

Council of Chalcedon vs. Monophysites

Eucharius, Instructiones

 

ca.424-455

 

 

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

W

W

-

W

W

-

-

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

W

 

Eucharius, Instructiones

Theodoret of Cyrus (bishop and historian)

320

423-458

W

-

W

J

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

-

W

-

W

-

-

-

W

~Hermas

Theodoret of Cyrus (bishop and historian)

Many Christians killed in Persia, Armenia

 

420-460

Bishop Abdas burned a Zoroastrian temple. After he refused to rebuild it with his own money, Christian churches burned.

 

Many Christians killed in Persia, Armenia

Patrick of Ireland (English missionary to Irish)

15

420-461

-

-

-

-

Q

-

A

S

A

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

¾ 

-

Patrick of Ireland (English missionary to Irish)

Pope Leo I of Rome (turned back Attila)

204

440-461

W

W

W

S

W

W

W

W

S

W

S

S

S

S

S

¼

W

S

S

-

½

W

W

-

W

-

-

-

Q

-

Pope Leo I of Rome (against Monophysites)

Prosper of Aquitaine (foe of Cassian) –partial

c.12

426-465

-

-

S

-

J

J

W

A

¼

-

W

S

S

S

-

½

-

W

W

-

½

W

-

-

W

-

-

-

-

-

Prosper of Aquitaine (Augustinian)

Sharahb’il Yakuf kills Ethiopian Christians

 

c.472

Christian missionary Azqir among those killed.

 

Sharahb’il Yakuf kills Ethiopian Christians

What has been called the Athanasian Creed

1

447/484

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

What has been called the Athanasian Creed

Arians persecute Christians in Algeria

 

484

Arian Visigoth Hunneric persecutes Orthodox Christians in Tipasa, Algeria.

 

Arians persecute Christians in Algeria

Gennadius/Jerome Lives of Illustrious Men

40

480-495

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W*

W*

W

W

X 5 Forged books said by Peter

Gennadius/Jerome Lives of Illustrious Men

Codex Claromontanus (D)

533

400-500

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

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Codex Claromontanus (D)

Bezae Cantabrigiensis (D) (Uncial 05)

 

450-550

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-

W

W

W

W

W

-

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W

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Bezae Cantabrigiensis (D) (Uncial 05)

Philoxenian Syriac (SyrPh)

 

507/508

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

W

 

 

 

W

 

 

 

 

 

-

Bezae Cantabrigiensis (D) (Uncial 05)

Arians persecute Church in North Africa

 

499-523

Arian Visigoth King Thrasimund persecutes Orthodox in Carthage and North Africa until his death.

 

Arians persecute Christians in North Africa

Dhu Nuwas persecutes Church in Yemen

 

523-524

Jewish Yemeni king Yusuf As’ar Dhu Nuwas persecuted Christians in Yemen & Najran because Byzantines persecuted Jews.

 

Dhu Nuwas persecutes Christians in Yemen

Junulius, Institute Regularia Divinae Legis

 

ca.551

 

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

-

W

W

 

Junulius, institute Regularia Divinae Legis

Council of Constantinople II (c.153 present) condemns Nestorius, Origen & admirers

13

May 553

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-

A

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Q

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-

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S

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Council of Constantinople II (c,153 present) condemns Nestorius, Origen & admirers

Vigilius’ letter to Constantinople II Council

2

553

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W

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Vigilius’ letter to Constantinople II Council

Gildas

 

c.570